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Volume 34, Number 4, pages 453-464 (2023)
https://doi.org/10.26830/symmetry_2023_4_453
ASYMMETRIC IMPACT OF ENVIRONMENTAL INNOVATION ON CARBON FOOTPRINT IN TURKIYE: HEALER OR DISRUPTOR?
Ömer Esen1, Durmuş Çağrı Yıldırım2*, Melek Güven3
1 Assoc. Prof. Dr., Tekirdağ Namık Kemal University, Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences, Department of Public Finance, Tekirdağ, Turkiye
Email: oesen@nku.edu.tr
ORCID: 0000-0002-4762-9282
2 Prof. Dr., Tekirdağ Namık Kemal University, Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences, Department of Economics, Tekirdağ, Turkiye
Email: cyildirim81@gmail.com
ORCID: 0000-0003-4168-2792
3 Tekirdağ Namık Kemal University, Social Sciences Institute, Department of Public Finance, Tekirdağ, Turkiye
Email: mlk.gmsts@hotmail.com
ORCID: 0009-0000-6154-5969
* corresponding author
Abstract: This study empirically examines the non-linear effects of environmental innovation on carbon footprint in Turkey. To achieve this, it employs the Threshold Autoregressive (TAR) model to determine potential asymmetric relationships among variables, drawing from annual data spanning from 1992 to 2018. The findings indicate that when the level of environmental innovation is below the 11.50% threshold (0.085), it leads to an increase in the carbon footprint. Moreover, when the threshold is exceeded, this increase intensifies (0.189). In essence, the results validate the existence of the environmental rebound effect, pointing out that the gains obtained through environmental innovation tend to lead to more production and consumption rather than reducing the carbon footprint. Based on the study's findings, it is recommended that policymakers consider the environmental rebound effect in their regulations and prioritize solutions that better account for environmental impacts, to harness the full potential of environmental-related innovation.
Keywords: environmental innovation, carbon footprint, environmental rebound effect
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