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Volume 35, Number 1, pages 079-093 (2024)
https://doi.org/10.26830/symmetry_2024_1_079
TYPOLOGY OF COURTYARDS BASED ON PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS IN THE HISTORICAL BAZAAR OF TABRIZ
Aziita Belali Oskui1*, Parisa Afsharian2, Mina Heydari Torkamani3
1* Associate Professor, Department of Architecture, Faculty of Architecture and Urbanism, Tabriz Islamic Art
Email: a.oskoyi@tabirziau.ac.ir
2 M.A of Islamic Architecture, Faculty of Architecture and Urbanism, Tabriz Islamic Art University, Tabriz, Iran
Email: p.afsharian@tabirziau.ac.ir
3 Ph.D of Islamic Architecture, Faculty of Architecture and Urbanism, Tabriz Islamic Art University, Tabriz, Iran
Email: m.haydari@tabriziau.ac
* corresponding author
Abstract: Iranian architecture has always been characterized by unique works and buildings, and courtyards as one of the main elements have greatly contributed to the formation of their architecture, thus serving as the beating hearts of these buildings. The bazaar of Tabriz is one of the old bazaars in the world and is composed of various architectural parts, which are well arranged alongside each other and have formed the bazaar’s texture. A major section of this bazaar is courtyards which have a favourable impact on its texture, creating favourable visibility, increasing the efficacy of existing market structures, and increasing communications and functions. So far, many studies have investigated the bazaar of Tabriz; however, they have failed to investigate the courtyards of this bazaar in terms of structure, geometry, and existing proportions. The questions that arise in the present study are: “Which are the structural and physical characteristics and indicators in the bazaar of Tabriz?” and “What are the types of courtyards in the bazaar of Tabriz, based on architectural structures?”. This study aimed to explore the courtyards in the bazaar of Tabriz to determine their manifest and hidden characteristics, and to provide an appropriate model to deal with the typology of those courtyards. The study methodology was descriptive-analytical, and data were collected by library methods, field surveys, and interviews. Findings revealed that courtyards in the Bazaar of Tabriz could be classified based on their structural and physical characteristics. In the meantime, the most important factors affecting the typology of the courtyards were geometric patterns, the location of the courtyards in the bazaar, and their land use, which contributed to the dynamism of the courtyards in the bazaar by providing appropriate conditions.
Keywords: courtyard, bazaar, typology, physical structure, geometry.
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